VOA慢速英语 ：足球与橄榄球 2014-06-21

Soccer or Football, Is It the Same Game?

From VOA Learning English, this is As It Is.

I'm Anna Matteo in Washington!

Children all over the world spend countless hours outside kicking around a ball on the ground. Soccer is a game beloved from South America to Europe, from Africa to Asia. At its simplest, it involves a foot and ball. But in the United States soccer can involve much more than that – parent, schedules, mini-vans! Let’s just say … it’s complicated.

Soccer Mom, Soccer Dad and their Mini-van (Photo: Wall Street Journal)xSoccer Mom, Soccer Dad and their Mini-van (Photo: Wall Street Journal) ?Mario Ritter explains.

For many around the world, playing soccer is as natural as breathing. The fact that the game is so pure is part of its beauty. All you need is a ball. And even that does not stop a child who wants to play. They will just make one.

Soccer’s free spirit is captured in a new children’s book called, Goal! The book’s colorful photographs by Caio Vilela show soccer at its simplest and most spontaneous, or unplanned. All the photographs share two things in common: a soccer ball and big smiles of children.

Caio Vilelo's photograph of boys playing soccer.xCaio Vilelo's photograph of boys playing soccer. Arthur Antunes Coimbra (Ar TURR ANTUNIS Ko’ IB ra), better known as Zico, is now a soccer coach. But in the late 1970s and early 1980s, he was one of the world’s top soccer players.

In the introduction to Goal!, Zico says the book reminds him of playing soccer as a child, and how the spontaneous games are where he really learned to play.

“The spontaneous game means everything for a soccer player. That’s where you polish your skills. You learn to find vacant spaces in the ground, you get to find your place in the game and finally you’re taught how to score the most amazing goals. We played with rubber balls, plastic ones, with balls made of socks.”

Zico says that he believes this is what true soccer is all about—pure spontaneous play. No commitment, no money. Yet that is very different from mainstream soccer culture in the United States.

Soccer for most children in the U.S. is a planned activity for the whole family. U.S. kids usually join a soccer league organized by parents or a school. There are fees to pay and soccer uniforms to buy. They have planned practice times and a parent, often a mother, takes kids to their practices and games. Even snacks and drinks are organized by a parent volunteer, sometimes called a “soccer mom.”

Allison Merten is a soccer mom in Washington, D.C. She has been the manager of her 7-year-old daughter’s soccer team for the past three years. She says it is a lot of work.

ALLSION MERTEN:

“I’ve been the team manager for a couple of seasons and I’m now going to hand that off to someone else because it’s a lot of work to organize and get everyone to the games and practices and coordinate the schedules and make sure everyone knows when their snack day, and drink day is, and organizing the end-of-year party and the coach’s gift and you know … it’s a lot of details and a lot of work that goes into planning soccer for little kids.

The term “soccer mom” is often used in a negatively way to describe a parent who is too controlling and too involved in the lives of their children. But Ms. Merten sees it differently.

ALLSION MERTEN:

“I think, really, a Soccer Mom just means a mom who is involved with their kids’ activities and who was willing to volunteer and pitch in and try to make their experience positive.”

All this planning and scheduling might be killing the free spirit of soccer. But Allison Merten says she feels structured play is normal in the U.S. today.

ALLSION MERTEN:

“Our kids’ play is a lot more structured nowadays because they are not hanging out after school in the neighborhood unsupervised. And we have to structure almost all their activities.”

Many parents want their children to have a team sport experience. Ms. Merten says that some parents even try to bribe their kids to play.

ALLSION MERTEN:

“I’ve heard … I’ve heard of parents bribing their kids to play the game and play it well and they’ll get an ice cream afterward.”

It is unclear if too much organization hurts the true spirit of soccer in the U.S. That probably does not concern parents. What does concern parents is that their kids have the opportunity to play outdoors and to play on a team. And, they will take these experiences any way they can get them.

This story was written by Anna Matteo.

I’m Mario Ritter.

Thanks Mario! And I’m Anna Matteo. What is the soccer culture like in your part of the world? Is it planned or spontaneous? Share your ideas in our comment section. And try using the adjective “spontaneous” or the noun “spontaneity” in your comment. It might be a new word for some of you.

词汇解析

security

难度：4星核心词汇，属常用3000词

英汉解释

n.安全;保证;证券;债券;抵押;防护措施

参考例句

用作名词 (n.)

I'll undertake for your security.

我将保证你的安全。

The value of a derivative is based on another security.

金融衍生工具的价值以另一种债券为基准。

involve

难度：5星基本词汇，属常用1000词

英汉解释

vt.包含;使忙于;牵涉;使卷入;使陷入

参考例句

用作及物动词 (vt.)

A letter of credit will involve unnecessary extra charges.

信用证包含有不必要的额外开支。

simply

难度：4星核心词汇，属常用3000词

英汉解释

adv.简单地;仅仅;简直

参考例句

用作副词 (adv.)

You may open the tin simply by pulling the puller.

你只要拉这个拉出器，就可以很容易地把罐头打开。

Is success simply a matter of working hard?

是否只要勤奋就能成功?

leading

难度：5星基本词汇，属常用1000词

英汉解释

adj.领导的;指导的;主要的;在前的

参考例句

用作形容词 (adj.)

He is a leading cadre.

他是个领导干部。

massive

难度：3星常用词汇，属常用6000词

英汉解释

adj.巨大的;大量的;大规模的;大范围的;严重的

参考例句

用作形容词 (adj.)

The soldier suffered a massive haemorrhage and died soon after.

那个战士经受了大量出血的痛苦，不久便去世了。

The wedding got massive media coverage.

婚礼得到大众传播媒介的广泛报道。

confidence

难度：4星核心词汇，属常用3000词

英汉解释

n.信任;把握;信心;知心话

adj.骗得信任的

参考例句

用作名词 (n.)

The worst barrier to your success is not lack of money, but lack of confidence.

你成功最大的障碍不是缺钱,而是缺乏信心。

The two girls told each other confidences about their boyfriends.

这两个姑娘相互谈了关于各自男友的悄悄话。

promote

难度：4星核心词汇，属常用3000词

英汉解释

vt.促进;提升;升迁;发起;促销，推销

参考例句

用作及物动词 (vt.)

He failed to get promoted for lack of resolution.

他因缺乏果断力而未能得到升迁。

They now need to put some real elbow grease into promoting the products.

他们现在推销产品确实需要化大力气。

stability

难度：3星常用词汇，属常用6000词

英汉解释

n.稳定性;居于修道院

参考例句

用作名词 (n.)

The government has taken a measure to maintain the stability of prices.

政府已经采取了措施以确保物价稳定。

The question of stability of an equilibrium is very important.

一个平衡点的稳定性问题是非常重要的。